Poetry And Science Poem Analysis - 1561 Words

Forest-Thomson advises this approach to a poem â€Å"falsifies our experience of poems† , we are seeing only a singular layer in which the reader is coercing a specific meaning that is easily digestible and relatable. Rather than engaging in such false readings, or ‘bad naturalisation’ Forest-Thomson demands a closer inspection of the genetic structure of a poem. To give each base element, or section of the sequence, the time and emphasis needed to understand and negotiate the importance these elements have on the poem as a whole. In this manner, it can be seen that her theory of poetry borrows from a biologist’s mind set on the necessity to understand the smaller sub systems, so as to be able to view and retain an understanding of the wider.†¦show more content†¦He advocates that hoped to influence in some small measure a ‘paradigm shift’ within the methodologies of the sciences. This rather determined position is highlighted in his postmodernist leanings, which are most poignantly shown in his belief that â€Å"absolute truth is nothing but absolute conformism.† Whilst throughout Against Method he argues for an epistemological anarchism that works contrary to the notion of co-option, his demanding of a more expansive methodology that does not self-limit does align. Feyerabend can be seen in some ways as the antithesis of Wilson’s later Consilience. While Wilson argues for a unification of the separate fields of knowledge under a monistic concept of truth and knowledge, Feyerabend consistently demands the opposite. That â€Å"knowledge is obtained from a multiplicity of views rather than from the determined application [of] a preferred ideology† - the prevailing western scientific method. It is this â€Å"pluralism of theories† that Feyeraband maintains is essential to both scientific progress and epistemological questioning. He also through this determination that multiplicative views and ideas are required leads to a requirement of interexchange between other fields of understanding. Just as poet and critic Forest-Thomson also consistently expresses as necessary in her published works. As Feyeraband advises it is this need to â€Å"step outside the circle and either to invent a new conceptual system†¦or to import su chShow MoreRelatedThe Planners by Boey Kim Cheng836 Words   |  4 Pagesthe University of Newcastle. Literary History †¢ In 1987, Boey won first prize at the National University of Singapore Poetry Competition while studying as an undergraduate. †¢ Aged 24, he published his first collection of poetry(Somewherebound). it went on to win the National Book Development Councils (NBDCS) Book Award for Poetry in 1992. †¢ his second volume of poems Another Place received the commendation award at the NBDCS Book Awards. †¢ In 1995, Days Of No Name, which was inspired byRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of John Keatss Ode To Autumn830 Words   |  4 PagesAnalysis of John Keats Ode to Autumn My initial reaction to this work evoked a taste of wanting to taste the fruit of season. The poem, Ode to Autumn, also reverted me back to my years of early reading when I read â€Å"The Secret Garden†. I am enamored by the way Keats almost makes me see the fruit and vines. Reading about the symbionic relationship that takes place between the sun and the changing season is awe-inspiring; as it relates to the reaction or the beauty that is created based on that relationshipRead MoreStylistic Analysis: To--- by Peter Shelley1649 Words   |  7 PagesLanguage through Poetry: A Stylistic Analysis of Percy Bysshe Shelley’s â€Å"To ---â€Å" A Stylistic Paper Presented to The Faculty of the Department of English Institute of Arts and Sciences Far Eastern University Manila In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirement for the Course Eng C 31—Introduction to Stylistics Osabel, Julla C. Panis, Kimberly Nicole S. October, 2012 I. Reaction and it’s effects on you II. Summary of the Text Percy Bysshe Shelley’s â€Å"To ---â€Å" isRead MorePsychoanalytic Criticism on Emily Dickinson Essay1086 Words   |  5 Pagesof Emily Dickinson, psychoanalytic criticism comes into play with the role of explaining the many meanings behind her poetry, as to make the reader relate to such poetry on a deeper level or not to who she was as a human being. Many critics believe that using a psychological criticism approach to understand an author’s literary work leaves common sense behind. For them, such analysis disregards the environment in which an author created their work, as well as disregarding that men and women read differentlyRead MoreEssay about Analysis of the Poems of Robert Frost1316 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"The Road Not Taken† and â€Å"Nothing Gold Can Stay† are just two of many very famous poems, written by none other than Robert Frost. Robert Frost is a poet that is well known for his poetic contributions to nature, as well as his award winning poems. His poetic ability and knowledge make him an extraordinary author. His past; including schooling, family, and the era in which he wrote influenced nearly all of his poems in some way. This very famous poet contributed to the modernism era, had a familyRead MoreModern F. Robert Frost1547 Words   |  7 PagesLyotard â€Å"designate[s]† this name and movement to â€Å"any science †¦ legitimat[ing] itself †¦ [by] making an explicit appeal to some grand narrative† (xxiii). It is thus to the disgust of postmodernists to find Robert Frost’s name, poems and poetry listed with such a narrow-minded, self-aggrandizing, so-called sophisticated group (like T.S. Eliot, Ezra Pound and Amy Lowell) since Frost was not a poet who believed science and language—nor the source of science and language—to be singular, but rather ulteriorRead MoreThe Projection Of War 1151 Words   |  5 PagesThe Projection of ‘War’ in Poetry: Applying Metaphor Theory One study that investigates the role of metaphor in poetry is Peter Stockwell (2002). Stockwell defines metaphor as ‘ the use of one expression to refer to a different concept in in a way which is still regarded as meaningful, and metaphor has most prototypically been associated with poetic and literary usage.’ According to Stockwell, much work in cognitive science has demonstrated that metaphor is related to the function of human mindRead MoreThe Raven And The Overwhelming Power And Sadness Of The Death Of A Loved One1165 Words   |  5 PagesCritical Analysis This critical analysis essay is about Poet Edgar Allen Poe’s poem â€Å"The Raven† and the overwhelming power and sadness of the death of a loved one. There is such sorrow and even anticipation that the poem invokes in the reader. The poem can be quite dreary and full of gloom, but the author also makes it sound eerie but somehow beautiful and lyrical especially when reciting it orally. Poe was a remarkable writer and known as being a bit peculiar in person and in his writings. PoeRead MoreEmily Dickinson s `` Because I Could Not Stop For Death `` Essay1355 Words   |  6 Pagesdoesn’t try to enlighten anyone of anything. Her poems were uniquely written and she wrote about the uncertainty, which makes her poetry easy to empathize with in the 21st century. The 21st century, is a period of science which is used as a tool to make sense of the uncertainty. Emily Dickinson uses her poetry as a means to question and observe the trauma of human existence. For instance , she doesn’t shy away from the reality of death in her poem â€Å"Because I could not stop for Death†. Emily DickinsonRead MoreAmerican Authors Research Project: Emily Dickinson644 Words   |  3 PagesBetween 1858 and 1864 Emily Dickinson wrote over 40 hand bound volumes of nearly 1800 poems, yet during her lifetime only a few were published. Perhaps this is why today we see Dickinson as a highly influential writer, unlike those during her time who did not see the potential. Emily Dickinson wrote towards the end of the romanticism era, but considered more of a realist, ahead of her time and one to shape the new movement. The main characteristic of Romanticism that Dickinson portrays in her writing

Essay on Heroes in Our daily Lives - 667 Words

Growing up as a child in America I did not have a hero. Although I was exposed through my own reading and television to many revered and â€Å"famous† people, I never aspired to be like any particular individual. I looked at people’s accomplishments and achievements, as remarkable as they might have been, as normal. I saw their feats as something that I myself can achieve if I made an effort. I remember my friend, Ben, always talking about Charles Barkley, a legendary basketball player. He would follow his every move on and off the court. All you had to do was walk into his room to and you would be able to tell the deep love he had for his hero. His wall was plastered with posters of Barkley and his desk was full of Barkley action figures. He†¦show more content†¦Society has an unrealistic definition of a hero. Heroes have long stood as ideals, as shining, perfect people seen on television or in the movies. The people that mourn the lack of heroes want us to ad mire people we have never met, on the basis of appearances and second hand information. In this regard, the concept of a hero is irrelevant. It forces us to regard a false idea and to respect a celebrity or leader because of what he seems to be. Every human has both good and bad qualities, and when we worship the good and ignore the bad we are in for a major disappointment. In my opinion the lack of these â€Å"heroes† marks the rise of human character not the decline. When the word â€Å"hero† is mentioned, the word â€Å"famous† comes to mind. Society has made a mistake by teaching us that to be worthy of the title of â€Å"hero,† a person must be famous. In reality we can’t make heroes from people that we don’t know personally. The fact that people don’t cherish the famous shows that they have grown out of the unimportant judgment of outer appearances and have developed insight and strength of character. These people don’t have to model themselves entirely after others. They have room for originality, independence and freedom of choice. Instead of seeking qualities in strangers, they build admirable qualities in themselves, in their personalities and their own dreams. Society doesn’t need people to emulate heroes; it needs the contributions of individuality. However, true heroesShow MoreRelatedBeowulf As A Hero910 Words   |  4 Pagescourageous acts or nobility of character†(â€Å"Hero†). A hero shows much more than honor and glory, they sacrifice their own life to selflessly help out the lives of others. By having heroes it gives us hope, wisdom, and justice throughout the nation. The three main types of heroes include an epic hero, superhero, and your own personal hero. These heroes show that it s more than the cape or armour they wear, they show the true meaning of a hero by defining sacrifice, loyalty, and determination. ThroughoutRead MoreEssay on The Epic Hero Archetype in Films, and Literature850 Words   |  4 Pagesforce, and Harry Potter magic, epic heroes continue in every form of today’s entertainment and storytelling. Every culture from the beginning has had their own tales of heroes accomplishing great feats that no one else could. An epic hero is an icon for everyone to relate to, they symbolize different lessons to learn. The epic hero archetype exists as a source of entertainment but also as a demonstrative tool. Their morals and actions are there to help shape our own actions in life. The archetypeRead MoreHeroes As A Hero Essay1563 Words   |  7 Pages In many occurrences, heroes are described as big, bold, and brightly dressed people who are a normal person by day and a hero by night. However, in reality heroes are around us in our everyday lives, but we fail to see the consummations of them. From the veteran you don’t notice in the grocery store, to the moms and dad s all around us who are involved in the upbringing of the current generation of kids. A hero is one who stood above all to achieve the greater good for all of mankind, and developedRead MoreWho Is The Word Hero?1366 Words   |  6 Pageshis act of dying on the cross to save people from sin and death. Is a hero defined by the number of sacrifices he has made to the benefit of the society? Why are only certain people heroes? We all know what a hero is, but how would you define a hero? Heroism is an attribute celebrated in varied ways. Evidently, heroes are all around us, from Jesus Christ to everyday people. However, what qualifies a person as a hero is listening for the call to adventure, accepting the challenge, and then, be willingRead MoreEssay on Comparison of Modern Day Heroes and Beowulf744 Words   |  3 PagesComparison of Modern Day Heroes and Beowulf Most of us have heard of modern day heroes such as Spiderman, Superman, and the Hulk. Each is a hero to many children. Heroes are introduced to people early on in life usually as fictional characters, but as children grow older their perceptions of heroes alter. The characteristics of a hero are usually based around the ideas of a society or culture. In the epic Beowulf, the main character is thought of as a hero. Beowulf, a pagan warrior and the mainRead MoreEssay on Hero831 Words   |  4 Pageswhat is right instead of what is popular. But each individuals definition of a hero is different and everyone, in a sense, could be someone else’s hero if they had the chance.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"The hero used to be the one in white. Now he is harder to spot.† Heroes are everywhere; it just takes a closer inspection to notice. Whether it be the mailman who is courteous to you when he brings you your mail, or a total stranger who risked his or her life to help you. There’s a story of a widowed woman with two youngRead MoreWhy We Love Tv Anti Heroes1374 Words   |  6 PagesDaniel Holland April 13, 2014 Why We Love TV’s Anti-Heroes Is it possible today’s generation gradually evolved into an era in which selfishness and evil overpowers good? Over the past years society perceives the idea of a hero differently than it was perceived in the 21st century, nevertheless impacts our society hugely. It is no surprise why youth of today enjoy T.V. shows that are driven by torture, killing, drugs and drama. In fact these are among the T.V. shows with higher ratings. HeroRead MoreFree Morning Reading Sessions I Came Across A List970 Words   |  4 PagesCourageous Ways To Live During one of my daily morning reading sessions I came across a list written by an anonymously author, The Rules For Being Human. Here are the top five rules that apply to living a bold life: The Rules For Being Human 1. You will receive a body. You can love it or hate it, however it is yours for your entire journey, so learn to embrace it. 2. Life is a full-time, never ending, 24/7 spontaneous school. Everyday brings new opportunities to learn lessons. Succeed and failureRead MoreThe Globalization Of Consumerism Within The United Kingdom, Germany, And China915 Words   |  4 Pagesbrands take advantage of this and advertise based off of it. Advertising plays a huge role in how consumers are attracted to the goods that they will eventually end up buying. They are everywhere we go, whether the ad is on a magazine, billboards, or on our phones. Whether or not we â€Å"fall for† their signs sorts us into two categories: a creative hero or a cultural dupe. Everyone is there own consumer, and we tend to fall into being a cultural dupe, or a creative hero as mentioned before. When a bottleRead MoreHero Worship1177 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Hero worship never died and never will† (Carlyle, 208).The dreams of becoming a superhero, the desire for success, and the worship of heroic figures are deeply rooted in our hearts. My feelings about heroes are always triggered by the most pervasive form of modern art—films. Every time I watch a heroic film, I feel deeply moved by the strong personalities of the hero. In different films, he can either be a cowboy riding a horse, a warrior who fights for the independence of a country, a policeman

Principal of Financial Market Finance and Insurance

Question: Discuss about thePrincipal of Financial Market for Finance and Insurance. Answer: Introduction Australia and New Zealand Bank Australia and New Zealand Bank (ANZ) is one of the largest providers of financial Services in finance and insurance. ANZ has it's headquartered in Auckland, New Zealand. The company is conducting its operation in New Zealand within the legal entity of ANZ National Bank Limited. This was formed after the merger between ANZ Banking Group in the year 2012. ANZ New Zealand will be operating in different kind of brands like ANZ, UDC Finance, Bonus Bonds and Direct Broking. The bank is also providing several financial services with banking services, investment, asset finance and payments of solutions. ANZ has shareholdings of 13% in ISL (Interchange Settlement Limited) is operating on the processing of the retail payment for conducting transactions in the interbank and 16% in VNZL (Visa New Zealand Limited) is the board for granting access for Visa network of New Zealand. ANZ is dealing in providing cheque accounts, share brokerage, investment banking, consumer finance, lending on asset a nd insurance. ANZ is focusing on strategy for building the best connected as well as respected bank all over the region in Asia Pacific. ANZ is thinking to expand with its branches in retail commercial and institutional banking system (Anz.com.2016). Commonwealth Bank Limited Commonwealth Bank (CAB) is one of the multinational banks of Australia in the list of big four banking companies. It has its business all over New Zealand, Asia, USA, Fiji, and UK. It is listed the company on ASX with various financial services of retail, institutional banking, management of the fund, superannuation and broking services. CAB was listed as government privatized company in 1996 and 1991 it was listed on ASX. CAB is considered to be the largest bank in all over the southern hemisphere. CBA was founded by through Commonwealth Bank Act on 1911. CAB was the first bank to get Federal Government guarantee in Australia. In Melbourne, CAB's first branch was opened. The bank is aiming at providing financial services to the owner of a small business and person. The company has headquartered in Sydney, Australia. In 1989, 75% of ASB Bank which is situated in New Zealand was acquired by CAB. Then further in 1991 CAB also took over failing bank that is State Bank of Victoria which was owned by a Victorian government. In 2009, Colonial National Bank was sold to Bank of South Pacific by CAB. In March 2012, CAB transferred the services of ATM from HP Enterprise to ITS in Sydney (Commbank.com.au.2016). Top-Down Analysis Top-down Analysis is one of the parts of fundamental analysis, which is qualitative in nature. Top-down analysis is looked as Big Picture' with featuring small component (Bartram and Grinblatt 2015). Top down approach is known as designing of step and in few cases it is decomposition. The top-down analysis will be done by taking into view micro and a macro factor of both the bank. Top-down analysis is also said to be investment approach. Fundamental analysis of the top-down approach will include economic, industry and company analysis. For analyzing in an economic perspective, analysis and comparison will be done on GDP growth and inflation rate structure and also its effect on the two banking company (Goodman et al., 2013). Next, industry perspective will be analyzed regarding demand Supply structure and effect of exchange rate on the banking sector. Finally, Company analysis will be done regarding dividend and return achieved by the company. (Source: Breyer et al., 2013) Given economic analysis, GDP can be measured by observing the employment opportunity given by the bank and banks contribution towards per capita income. From the research it has been observed that Australia economy is giving stable, it is not getting affected by the economic crisis faced by the entire world in 2014. GDP has been showing an increasing trend CAB has employees more than 50000, whereas ANZ too has employed more than 52000 employees working in the company (Fornelli et al., 2013). This also shows a contribution toward the growth of the country, which in term says that both the banking company are providing a lot of employment opportunity every to Australia. Moreover, the analysis will be done given the inflation rate of the country. From the above figure, it has been found that inflation rate has decreased as compared to the last. But CAB and ANZ has no effect; it is because banking industry in Australia is referred to be the most favorable environment for conducting the f inancial services. Inflation can be mitigated by investing them in long duration fixed interest rate (Geis-Asteggiante et al., 2015). Next moving to industry analysis, in this analysis factor of demand supply and exchange rate will be determined. Exchange rate plays a vital role in the role of companies operation, especially in a case of banking institution because its business is mostly involving with the currency. So increase and decrease in exchange rate gives an indication huge effect on the revenue generation of the company (Tvardovskiy et al., 2015). From the financial statement of CAB, it has been observed that there has been the increase in cash and cash equivalent regarding foreign exchange rate. Since 2013 CAB has got a lot of increased generation form the effect of foreign exchange. Next moving to in the case of ANZ it has been observed that movement of Australian and New Zealand dollar plays a great role of volatility, in comparison to the other global currency available. In the Australian and New Zealand dollars get depreciated then there can be the increase in the debt service of the company which in terms is not the good signal. There has been the increase in net loans and advances from $ 19 billion to $ 48 billion. The deposits and another borrowing were increased from $ 60 billion to $ 32 billion. Similarly, adjustment made in the cash flow because of the exchange rate has been increased for the previous year (Guerrero et al., 2015). Finally, arriving at the company analysis, it will be measured regarding dividend given and return achieved on the capital employed. Dividend given by the company gives a picture of the company regarding investing it further or not (Vyatkina et al., 2016). From the annual report of the CAB, it is noted that company will be contributing some portion of the dividend in the dividend reinvestment plan, as compared to earlier year amount contributing to DRP system has increased, which show a good sign of respect of company. In 2013 the final dividend on fully paid ordinary share was $ 73.42 whereas in the next year it was $ 80.39 this indicated good sign in CAB bank. In the case of CAB, Return has decreased about the employed capital. Whereas in the case of ANZ its dividend was paid in cash as well as it was reinvested in DRP (Anz.com.2016). The annual report says that Bank has revenue in dividend has been increased from the previous year. There has been 80% increase in the revenue from a dividend. It the perspective of return it has been observed that there has been increasing in return percentage regarding capital employed (Mao et al., 2013). Bottom-up Analysis Bottom-up analysis is evaluated on the evaluation of quantitative data available for the company (Lee et al., 2016). Bottom-up analysis is said to be huge category to be evaluated. Bottom-up analysis is done on the economic environment of the company through the business cycle explanation. The bottom-up analysis does not include the micro factor of the environment. Bottom-up analysis is done on the financial ratio (Sun et al., 2013). Financial ratios are the best way of evaluating firm performance. Financial taken into consideration are of three category profitability ratio (includes net profit margin ratio and return on asset), Liquidity ratio (includes current ratio and quick ratio) and Solvency ratio (includes debt to equity ratio and equity ratio). Analyses of the ratio are given below: Liquidity ratio - Liquidity ratio helps in measuring the capacity of the firm to pay current and long term liability (Parker and Vannest 2012). It is also helpful in measuring the level of cash of the company with capacity to pay liability and availability of cash to transform some assets. For measuring this ratio there are several numbers of ratios are there, but for the research, there are only two of them are taken into consideration, i.e., Quick Ratio and Liquidity Ratio (Brigham and Ehrhardt 2013). Commonwealth Bank Australia and New Zealand Bank From the above, it can clearly figure out the CAB current ratio is not a sound indication. From the graph, it is clear that bank does not have the capacity to pay it long term and current liability but on the overall basis, the trend shows that in 2014 there was sufficient fund available to pay of the liabilities (Arnold 2014). Similarly, Quick ratio of the shows that in 2014 the level of cash totally decreased at present it is at constant. This indicates that in the 2014 and 2015 the bank has almost same level of cash to transform them into cash. From the above, it can be said that in 2014 the current ratio decreased at an instant. But in 2015 it again increased, which says that bank had sufficient amount of cash to pay its liabilities. What the bank is gaining is position gradually. Similarly, Quick ratio in 2013 shows a sound indication. But in the year 2014 Quick ratio falls with huge difference. But in the current year, the bank is gradually improving its position, which says that company has sufficient cash available to get the cash converted into cash. Profitability Ratio Profitability measure and compares some of the aspects of income statement as well as it focuses on the capacity of the company to utilize its available resources properly for the generation of profit (Brigham and Houston 2012). Whether the company is proceeding with the operations for the purpose of generating profit. It also measures the efficiency of company to for managing its assets to generate profit during the year. For measuring this ratio there are several numbers of ratios are there, but for the research, there are only two of them are taken into consideration, i.e., Net Profit Margin Ratio and Return on Asset Ratio Commonwealth Bank Australia and New Zealand Bank From the above figure, it can be stated that company ability to generated profit by utilizing its resources has been totally fulfilled. In 2014, the bank generated more profit than as compared to 2015. But on the overall basis company is suitably utilizing its resources for the generation of profit. Similarly, return on asset has been observed as constant all throughout the three years. It implies that bank is generating constant profit through the utilization of available asset. ANZ do not show a good position regarding profit generation. ANZ is not utilizing its available resources properly. ANZ do not have good sign in the net profit margin ratio (Titman et al., 2015). Similarly, regarding return on assets, it also does not show good indication. The bank is not utilizing its assets for the generation of profit of the company. It is gradually decreasing as compared to earlier year. Solvency Ratio Solvency ratio is calculated to measure ability of the firm to maintain the operations with indefinitely through comparison of various debts levels regarding asset, equity, and earnings (Dixon , 2013). In another way, it is recognized as concept of going concern problems and capacity of the firm to pay the bill in long term. It is mainly concentrating on the sustainability of long term. This ratio also indicated the creditworthiness and financial way of sounding company. It also highlights solvent and sustainability of the business regarding finance. For measuring this ratio there are several numbers of ratios are there, but for the research, there are only two of them are taken into consideration, i.e., Debt to Equity Ratio and Equity Ratio Commonwealth Bank Australia and New Zealand Bank From the above figure, Equity ratio shows a straight line, which in term says that CAB has the same level of equity, is maintained as compared to the level of total assets (Commbank.com.au.2016). Debt to Equity ratio is showing an increasing trend, which in terms also say that bank is getting more liability regarding creditors, bank loans from other financial institutions, which can be said that more and more investors are planning to invest in the company. From the above figure, Equity ratio shows falling trend just after 2014 and then remains to be at constant for the period (Lasher 2013). Similarly, ANZ is a showing gradual increase in debt-to-equity ratio in 2014, and then after that remaining at constant stage, which it terms says that bank is gradually getting investment and funding for the investors and creditors as well as other banking institutions. Summary Recommendations Detail discussion has been, after the adoption of top down and bottom up analysis. Brief analysis has been done on the banking sector of Australia. The explanation has also be done by taking into account micro and macro factor affecting the company. It has been analyzed that both the companies are providing its best financial services to the clients in Australia. Banks has been effectively providing its services to its clients and continuing to increase its operation of the business. It is further analyzed that CAB is in the front line of solvency ratio as well as profitability. So at best position but comparably in better position than ANZ. It is recommended that ANZ should adopt some strategy to high profit as well as able give more return to its investor. From the above analysis, it has been noticed that CAB is one of the oldest banks for providing its financial services. Due to this CAB's goodwill is helping his to maintain its position regarding profitability and solvency. These two are the most important criteria for choosing a company for the investment to be done. Finally, to make a conclusion to the research conducted, it can be said that all the requirement of the report has been truly fulfilled with successful attempt. The finding and analysis have been done by having a complete analysis of the company's website and annual report. The analysis has been from 2013 to 2015. Details explanation has also been done on the complete analysis of top down and bottom up analysis with the help of accounting ratio the analysis is completed. Reference List Anz.com. (2016).Personal - Online Banking | ANZ. [online] Available at: https://www.anz.com/personal/ [Accessed 22 Sep. 2016]. Arnold, G., 2014.Corporate financial management. Pearson Higher Ed. Bartram, S.M. and Grinblatt, M., 2015. Fundamental Analysis Works.Available at SSRN 2479817. Breyer, C., Birkner, C., Meiss, J., Goldschmidt, J.C. and Riede, M. 2013, "A top-down analysis: Determining photovoltaics RD investments from patent analysis and RD headcount",Energy Policy,vol. 62, pp. 1570-1580. Brigham, E.F. and Ehrhardt, M.C., 2013.Financial management: Theory practice. Cengage Learning. Brigham, E.F. and Houston, J.F., 2012.Fundamentals of financial management. Cengage Learning. Commbank.com.au. (2016).Personal banking including accounts, credit cards and home loans - CommBank. [online] Available at: https://www.commbank.com.au/ [Accessed 22 Sep. 2016]. Dixon, J., Scura, L., Carpenter, R. and Sherman, P., 2013.Economic analysis of environmental impacts. Routledge. Fornelli, L., Parra, J., Hartmer, R., Stoermer, C., Lubeck, M. and Tsybin, Y.O., 2013. Top-down analysis of 3080 kDa proteins by electron transfer dissociation time-of-flight mass spectrometry.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry,405(26), pp.8505-8514. Geis-Asteggiante, L., Dhabaria, A., Edwards, N., Ostrand-Rosenberg, S. and Fenselau, C. 2015, "Topdown analysis of low mass proteins in exosomes shed by murine myeloid-derived suppressor cells",International Journal of Mass Spectrometry,vol. 378, pp. 264-269. Goodman, T.H., Neamtiu, M. and Zhang, F., 2013. Fundamental analysis and option returns.Available at SSRN 1974753. Guerrero, A., Lerno, L., Barile, D. and Lebrilla, C.B., 2015. Top-down analysis of highly post-translationally modified peptides by fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry.Journal of The American Society for Mass Spectrometry,26(3), pp.453-459. Lasher, W.R., 2013.Practical financial management. Nelson Education. Lee, A.E., Geisà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Asteggiante, L., Dixon, E.K., Miller, M., Wang, Y., Fushman, D. and Fenselau, C., 2016. Preparing to read the ubiquitin code: topà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ down analysis of unanchored ubiquitin tetramers.Journal of Mass Spectrometry,51(8), pp.629-637. Mao, Y., Valeja, S.G., Rouse, J.C., Hendrickson, C.L. and Marshall, A.G., 2013. Top-down structural analysis of an intact monoclonal antibody by electron capture dissociation-Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance-mass spectrometry.Analytical chemistry,85(9), pp.4239-4246. Parker, R.I. and Vannest, K.J., 2012. Bottom-up analysis of single-case research designs.Journal of Behavioral Education,21(3), pp.254-265. Sun, L., Zhu, G., Zhao, Y., Yan, X., Mou, S. and Dovichi, N.J., 2013. Ultrasensitive and fast bottomà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ up analysis of femtogram amounts of complex proteome digests.Angewandte Chemie International Edition,52(51), pp.13661-13664. Titman, S., Keown, A.J. and Martin, J.D., 2015.Financial management: Principles and applications. Pearson. Tvardovskiy, A., Wrzesinski, K., Sidoli, S., Fey, S.J., Rogowska-Wrzesinska, A. and Jensen, O.N., 2015. Top-down and middle-down protein analysis reveals that intact and clipped human histones differ in post-translational modification patterns.Molecular Cellular Proteomics,14(12), pp.3142-3153. Vyatkina, K., Wu, S., Dekker, L.J., VanDuijn, M.M., Liu, X., ToliĆ¡, N., Luider, T.M., Paa-ToliĆ¡, L. and Pevzner, P.A., 2016. Top-down analysis of protein samples by de novo sequencing techniques.Bioinformatics, p.btw307.

Music Industry, Five Forces. free essay sample

In this assignment I will divide the question into two parts. Firstly I will provide an overview of how the prices in the vertical chain for music compact discs correlates with how prices are divided according to the mentioned links in production chain of the music industry. Secondly I will by use of Porters five forces explain the pattern of this. Very few big record companies heavily control the music Industry.This Is also known as Oligopoly, which makes the record companies price setters in the music industry ND leaves them with significant more power than that of the artists and the retailers. This means that the record companies deterrents the price distribution between the links In the process from production to retailer. The record companies are responsible for managing everything in the process as above mentioned; signing up artists, handling technical aspects of recording, securing distribution and promoting the recordings. We will write a custom essay sample on Music Industry, Five Forces. or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Because the record companies holds the main responsibility according to the production process and possess the most powers due o oligopoly, the record companies holds 3/5 of the approximate earnings. The artists are the price takers due to massive competition. The artists are highly dependent of the record companies and with virtually no or little difference in the cost of the artists and differentiation between the artists. The retailers are the price takers. Since the music retail business exists with a relatively high concentrator of substitutes.The threat that the record companies will create their own music retail business and the threat of the digital music leaves the retailers with very little Influence and power In the industry. To explain the pattern of why the income in the music industry has been divided as given in the question I will use Porters five forces. With the concept of Porters five forces It is possible to break down the economics within a certain industry and describe that The power of Suppliers The providers of material In the music Industry are the artists.There is a broad -and large range of artists willing to represent the record companies which means that the record companies are able to choose the artist with the lowest price in order to increase their profits. The wide variety of artists and talent also means that the switching costs between the artists are very low since t hey are relatively easy to replace. Differentiation In the music Industry depends solely on the talent available. Since there is massive amount of talent 1 OFF supplier decreases.Yet, some very big artists may be able to negotiate prices, but since the large record companies hold popular artists within each genre this again decreases the power of supplier. Bridge! Since the record companies today hold the of income, the establishment of subsidiaries is preferable for some artists. The establishment of a record company does demand a significant amount of money for start up, a larger network within the industry and energy to manage the tasks that the incumbent record company normally would have done.This keeps many from establishing their own record company, but those that do establish a record company also increases the competition within the industry, which has a negative affect for the record companies. Yet, the threat of the suppliers forward integration is low and does not directly pose a threat to the large record companies. Ere power of buyers The powers of buyers (retailers) are in this industry weak. The retailers are threatened by the record companies, whom if they Mould, could distribute their own music.Moreover the switching costs for the buyer are high, as the low number of large record companies forces the retailers to take Anteater price is given from the record companies. Unlike the record companies possibility for forward integration, the threat of backward integration by buyers is low. The idea of backward integration for the buyers are quite distant since the idea of the retailers entering the record production business seems very unlikely.The low threat of backward integration means that the threat of competition from the buyers IS low. In other words, the buyers are fragmented and do not possess any significant influence on products or price. Yet there is one buyer in the music industry that is strong, which is of course tunes, an example of a nearby monopoly. Since the digital music industry develops so fast, the record companies depends on tunes Inch in this year, 2012, has a market share at 64% of U. S. Chital download sales and 29% share of overall sales. This reverses the relationship between the record impasses and the retailers. In this relationship the retailers are the price setters, Inch also explains why digital sound can be sold at lower expenses via online channels than the compact disc can. The threat of substitutes The threat of substitution in the music industry is high and is fostered from increase in file sharing, piracy downloading and online services like Spottily and Pandora. The substitution forces the record companies to reduce its prices on Cads and conclude sales agreements at prices significantly below normal prices, which ultimately decrease profits and revenue of the companies. The music industry is under pressure from several of entrants like digital download services and piracy services offering music for free. This means that the threat of entrance is high since the digital services increases competition for everybody in the music industry.Besides from the outside threat being the digital music services, also threats from the inside has happened during the last decade. Several of high profile musicians have already left the record labels and besides that some bands like Radioed have forced their record label to lease their album online. Both developments that indeed undermine and decreases the power the record companies and sets a brand new agenda for the way the record companies and the way they do business.This means that in order for the reco rd companies to thrive more efficiently through times of development and to crisis they have hade to rethink they way in which they perform their work. Ultimately Nat has become the main challenge of the music industry (technological development) has also become the reason why they can work even more efficient and infinite from economies of scale. The record companies forces like long-term experience, level of resources and network access makes them better off when having to navigate through a changing music industry with declining sales.In 2007 CD sales in the U. S. Dropped by 19% and the music industry are increasingly aware that the next coming phase for music distribution is via services like tunes and so forth. Yet this does not change the fact that even though digital music distribution has been booming over the last decade the overall music sales are now slowing Rivalry he compact disc has for long been the most valuable asset in the music industry and has been the largest revenue for the record companies.Since the development of the increased digital and technological integration, the sales of Cads have decreased. This has happened, as the need for multifunctional telephones such as the smart-phone and other tablets has demanded smaller formats of music like the MPH. This has increased the demand for online music stores like Tunes. Furthermore online services like Spottily and You Tube offering free music needs to be taken into consideration as well. The music industry has decreased the prices on Cads in an effort to increase sales of Cads and to increase market shares.Besides decreasing the prices on Cads the large record companies have increased their marketing budgets to promote their artists. This makes it very difficult for the independent small record companies to compete. So the record companies can by larger marketing budgets increase their market share and stay dominant on the market. Conclusion After an analysis of the five market forces it is responsibility and risk. The record companies hold a larger financial risk and accessibility in order to promote their artists.

All About Paraître

All About Paraà ®tre Paraà ®tre is a very common and useful French verb that means to look/appear/seem. It is irregular in conjunction and can be used impersonally. Examples ofParatre in Use   Paraà ®tre can be followed by an adjective, infinitive, or prepositional phrase:  Ã‚  Ã‚   Tu parais bien heureux  Ã‚  Ã‚  You look very happy  Ã‚  Ã‚   Cela paraà ®t à ªtre une erreur  Ã‚  Ã‚  That seems to be a mistake  Ã‚  Ã‚   Une lueur a paru dans ses yeux  Ã‚  Ã‚  A gleam appeared in his eyeParaà ®tre can also mean to make an appearance:  Ã‚  Ã‚   Il na pas paru la rà ©union  Ã‚  Ã‚  He didnt appear (show up) at the meeting  Ã‚  Ã‚   Je dà ©teste paraà ®tre en public  Ã‚  Ã‚  I hate appearing in publicParaà ®tre is usually conjugated with avoir as its auxiliary verb in the compound tenses, except in the context of publishing, in which it is often conjugated with à ªtre:  Ã‚  Ã‚   Cet article est paru mi-juin.  Ã‚  Ã‚  This article was published in mid-June.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Le nouveau Petit Larousse est paru.  Ã‚  Ã‚  The new (edition of) Le Petit Larousse is out. Using Il parat Il paraà ®t is an impersonal construction that means it seems in the global sense (like, they say or the word is) and can be followed by an adjective or a subordinate clause.1) Il paraà ®t adjective is followed by de infinitive, and may also be modifed by an indirect object pronoun:  Ã‚  Ã‚   Il paraà ®t important dessayer  Ã‚  Ã‚  It seems important to try  Ã‚  Ã‚   Il ne paraà ®t pas essentiel dy aller  Ã‚  Ã‚  It doesnt seem essential to go  Ã‚  Ã‚   Il me paraà ®t ridicule de courir  Ã‚  Ã‚  It seems ridiculous to me to run  Ã‚  Ã‚   Il ne nous paraà ®t pas logique de faire à §a  Ã‚  Ã‚  To us it doesnt seem / We dont think its logical to do that2) Il paraà ®t que is followed by a subordinate clause in the indicative:  Ã‚  Ã‚   Il paraà ®t quil va pleuvoir demain  Ã‚  Ã‚  It seems like / They say its going to rain tomorrow  Ã‚  Ã‚   Il paraà ®t que nous devons refaire ce travail  Ã‚  Ã‚  It seems / The word is that were going to have to redo th is work3) Il paraà ®t may be modified by an adjective before que, in which case the verb in the subordinate clause may be in the indicative or subjunctive, depending on what the adjective requires:*  Ã‚  Ã‚   Il paraà ®t important que tu le fasses seul  Ã‚  Ã‚  It seems / Apparently its important that you do it alone  Ã‚  Ã‚   Il paraà ®t clair quon ne peut pas gagner  Ã‚  Ã‚  It seems clear that we cant win*That is, if the expression would need the subjunctive without paraà ®t then it also needs it with paraà ®t: il est important que subjunctive, thus il paraà ®t important que subjunctive4) When il paraà ®t que is modifed by an indirect object pronoun, it is equivalent to it seems (to me, to us, etc):  Ã‚  Ã‚   Il me paraà ®t important que tu comprennes  Ã‚  Ã‚  It seems to me that its important that you understand (I think its important for you to understand)  Ã‚  Ã‚   Il nous paraà ®t sà »r quon va gagner  Ã‚  Ã‚  It seems certain to us / We think its certain that were going to win  Ã‚  Ã‚   Il nous paraà ®t quil peut venir  Ã‚  Ã‚  It seems to us / We think that it he can come5) Il ne paraà ®t pas que requires the subjunctive:  Ã‚  Ã‚   Il ne paraà ®t pas quil vienne  Ã‚  Ã‚  It doesnt seem that hes coming; He doesnt seem to be coming  Ã‚  Ã‚   Il ne paraà ®t pas quon puisse gagner  Ã‚  Ã‚  It doesnt seem like we can win Expressions with paratre   Ã‚  Ã‚   ce quil paraà ®t - apparently  Ã‚  Ã‚   paraà ®t-il - apparently  Ã‚  Ã‚   il paraà ®t que oui - so it seems  Ã‚  Ã‚   il paraà ®t que non - apparently not Conjugations   Ã‚  Ã‚  je parais  Ã‚  Ã‚  tu   parais  Ã‚  Ã‚  il paraà ®t  Ã‚  Ã‚  nous   paraissons  Ã‚  Ã‚  vous   paraissez  Ã‚  Ã‚  ils   paraissent

Why Presidents Use So Many Pens to Sign Bills Into Law

Why Presidents Use So Many Pens to Sign Bills Into Law Presidents often use several pens to sign a bill into law, a tradition dates back nearly a century  and continues to this day. President Donald Trump, for example, used several bill-signing pens on his first day in office when he put his signature on his first executive order,  instructing federal agencies to uphold the Affordable Care Act while also  working to minimize the unwarranted economic and regulatory burdens on American citizens and companies. Trump used so many pens and handed them out as souvenirs on Jan. 20, 2017, the day he was sworn into office, that he joked to staff: â€Å"I think we’re going to need some more pens, by the way ... The government is getting stingy, right?† Oddly enough, before Trump,  President Barack Obama  used nearly two dozen pens to sign that same legislation into law in  2010. Thats a lot of pens. Unlike his predecessor, Trump uses gold-plated pens from  A.T. Cross Co.  based in Rhode Island. The companys suggested retail price for the pens is $115 apiece. The practice of using several pens isnt universal, however. Obamas predecessor, President George W. Bush, never used more than one pen to sign a bill into law. Tradition   The first president to use more than one pen to sign a bill into law was Franklin Delano Roosevelt, who served in the White House from March 1933 until April 1945. According to Bradley H. Pattersons To Serve the President: Continuity and Innovation in the White House Staff, the president used several pens to sign bills of high public interest during signing ceremonies in the Oval Office. Most presidents now use multiple pens to sign those bills into law. So what did the president do with all those pens? He gave them away, most of the time. Presidents gave the pens as commemorative souvenirs to members of Congress or other dignitaries who had been active in getting the legislation passed.  Each pen was presented in a special box bearing the presidential seal and the name of the president who did the signing,  Patterson writes. Valuable Souvenirs Jim Kratsas of the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Museum told National Public Radio in 2010 that presidents have been using multiple pens so they can distribute them to lawmakers and others who were instrumental in shepherding the legislation through Congress at least since President Harry Truman was in office. As Time magazine put it: The more pens a President uses, the more thank-you gifts he can offer to those who helped create that piece of history. The pens used by presidents to sign important pieces of legislation are considered valuable and have shown up for sale in some cases. One pen showed up for sale on the Internet for $500. Examples Most modern presidents use more than one pen to sign landmark legislation into law.   President Bill Clinton used four pens to sign the  Line-Item Veto. He gave the pens to former Presidents  Gerald Ford, Jimmy Carter, Ronald Reagan, and George H.W. Bush, according to an account of the signing by Time magazine.Obama used 22 pens to sign health care reform legislation into law in March of 2010. He used a different pen for each letter or half letter of his name. This is gonna take a little while, Obama said. According to the Christian Science Monitor, it took Obama 1 minute and 35 seconds to sign the bill using those 22 pens.​President Lyndon Johnson used 72 pens when he signed the landmark Civil Rights Act of 1964.

The purpose of a college education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The purpose of a college education - Essay Example on acts as a supplier for vocational training and credentialing services), the purpose of college education is to advance economics’ skills and knowledge. In addition, knowledge is among the important things a student should achieve from college education. Students should have a feeling that, college education gives them something apart from a diploma or a degree-whether it means giving them a job offer, technical skills, or a greater understanding about the world. College education should also serve as a tool for preparing students for the new economy. College education should also aim at changing students in a form that portrays significant improvements in their lives (Conrad and Laura 34). This essay aims at outlining what students should be seeking when they enroll to pursue college education. Notably, public and private higher education institutions globally are facing unprecedented challenges due to the large number of issues including the value of degrees offered in a college, scrutiny over student completion and access, and student aid support. Generally, the main purpose of college education is to disseminate and create knowledge about the world and the students themselves (Conrad and Laura 34). It is also a purpose of college education to create a higher order communicative and cognitive skills in students, such as offering them the ability to reason and think logically. After completion of higher education, graduates should come out with other skills such as motivation to pose challenges on the status quo, as well as the capacity to create sophisticated values. However, the current society view colleges as a training ground where students join to advance their professional and vocational skills. This agenda often creates tension between these two notions: college e ducation is purposely for public good and college education is purposely for private good (Conrad and Laura 37). Due to this tension, universities and colleges have increasingly become

Plato's Republic and His Theories About Philosopher Rulers Essay

Plato's Republic and His Theories About Philosopher Rulers - Essay Example In this book, Plato claims that the best way to avoid abuses of power, and thereby avoid some of the worst problems of political life, is to concentrate power in the hands of the wise - philosopher-rulers. There are several reasons that make Plato think that concentrating power in the hands of philosopher-rulers will eliminate abuse of power. In this book, Plato ignores the power of justice and makes philosophy the subject of inquiry. He thinks that the power of a state should be concentrated on philosopher-rulers because of the nature of philosophers. He mentions the gifts of a true philosopher as courage, good memory and quickness. Such people have natural reasonableness or inherent goodness which other people can use to get good things even as they grow old (IDPH 354). According to Plato, the minds of philosophers always love the type of knowledge that reveals to them the external nature that does not differ from corruption and generation (IDPH344). This means philosopher-rulers a re in a position to make a quick detection of corrupt deals and corrupt individuals. Plato further explains that philosophers are lovers of all true being and therefore truthfulness is part of them. They are not willing to renounce others whether they are great or small, more honorable or less honorable. This means that philosopher-rulers stand for the truth in everything. This includes those issues that benefit them personally and those that may not benefit them directly or at all. This also includes truth in the smallest matters which many rulers tend to cover up. Even though such actions may not affect the citizens directly, the truth remains that it is abuse of power. They are therefore more likely to demand for openness and transparency in all actions that affect the larger population just to ensure that the highest levels of truth are maintained. Plato explains that because of their truthfulness, philosopher-rulers detest falsehood and will never receive in their mind falsehoo d intentionally. He goes further to describe truthfulness as the object of affection of philosophers. This is seen where he argues that truthfulness must be affirmed by philosophers. He says of them, â€Å"must be affirmed: for he whose nature is amorous of anything cannot help loving all that belongs or is akin to the object of his affections† (IDPH 344). To make it more convincing, Plato argues that there is nothing that is akin to wisdom as truth. His fellow philosopher Glaucon confirms the same as he states that someone cannot be a lover of wisdom and at the same time, a lover of falsehood. This is to say, wise people are lovers of truth and therefore, they are never lovers of falsehood. These are evident in philosopher-rulers. They would be the best watchdogs, condemners and stoppers of actions that that find their roots in falsehood like corruption and related actions like stealing. Plato ascribes the quality of being ambitious and loving ambitions to philosophers. Havi ng rulers who love ambition can mean nothing better than elimination of every action and person who kills fruits of ambition in the national. Generally, philosopher-rulers have zero tolerance to self-centered leaders who are after heaping part of the national resources for themselves. according to Plato, philosophers are lovers of learning. Plato explains that a true lover of learning must desire the truth right from their earliest youth (IDPH

Individual Person Essay Example for Free

Individual Person Essay 1.1 Person centred is about providing care and support that is centred or focused on the individual and their needs. We are all individual and just because two people might have the same medical condition, for eg.Dementia, it does not mean that they require the same care and support. As a care worker I need to understand what the values are. There are eight person centred values: individuality rights choice independency dignity respect partneship equal opportunities I need to listen to S/U, they know themselves best, even if disagree, the care plan is theirs unless the capasity to understand is diminished and then advice must be sought from other person involved in an S/U‘s support plan,even legal advice should be sought in some ases. 1.2  Explain why person centred values must influence all aspects of social care work. The why is because it is embedded in social policy and legislation eg Putting People First, Valuing People Now and the Essential Standards. 1.3  Explain how person centred values should influence all aspects of social care work It’s important to respect the rights of the individual to be at the centre of their own care. This means that workers must focus on what the individual wants and how they want it to be provided. 1.2/1.3 vvv Person-centred care values must influence all aspects of health and social care work. Health and social care should be based on person-centred values, and should be individualised as this is a law requirement (Human Rights Act 1998, Health and Social care Act 2012, Codes of practice for Social Care Workers, etc). If person-centre values that underpin all work in the health and social care sector are followed as they should be then all individuals should feel that and health and social workers ensure that: †¢ the individual is supported in accessing their rights †¢ the individual is treated has an individual †¢ the individual is supported to exercise choice †¢ ensure the individual have privacy if they want it †¢ support the individual to be as independent as possible †¢ treat all individuals with dignity and respect To ensure the above is followed will influence all aspect of health and social care it is important to ensure that all individuals are treated as such and person- centred care should ensure this.

The Conquest in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness :: Heart Darkness essays

Conquest in Heart of Darkness    â€Å" The conquest of the earth, which mostly means the taking it away from those who have a different complexion or slightly flatter noses than ourselves, is not a pretty thing when you look into it too much.† (Conrad 65)   So stated Marlow as though this was his justification for ravaging the Congo in his search for ivory.   Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness shows the disparity between the European ideal of civilization and the reality of it as is evidenced by the domination, torture, exploitation and dehumanization of the African population.   Heart of Darkness is indicative of the evil and greed in humanity as personified by Kurtz and Marlow. These emissaries of light are shown to be crude, sordid and violent.   They had no regard for the destruction of Africa’s natural environment, wantonly destroying hills in a feeble attempt to establish a railway, â€Å"No change appeared on the face of the rock....the cliff was not in the way or anything; but this objectless blasting was all the work going on.† (Conrad 76)   This statement reveals the real motive for venturing into the Congo which was not to bring a better, more civilized lifestyle to the poor, underprivileged Africans; but to satisfy their lust for power. â€Å"It was just robbery with violence, aggravated murder on a great scale, and men going at it blind - as is very proper for those who tackle a darkness.† (Conrad 65) Just as Victor Frankenstein in the novel Frankenstein created a monster that was a manifestation of his inner turmoil and demons, so too Kurtz and Marlow’s journey into Africa is an unveiling of their inner darkness which we are all afraid to face.   Like Grenouille, in Perfume and Victor Frankenstein, Kurtz sought power, adoration and godlike status both among his European counterparts and the native Africans.   Just as Grenouille bottled and collected special fragrances so too Kurtz collected human heads displaying them around his hut as trophies.   Kurtz’s journey into Africa, as well as his inner journey, can be likened to Grenouille’s hibernation in the cave for seven years or Victor’s search for his monster across the icy slopes.   During this period each individual underwent a transformation and a realization of the horrors they have created. Kurtz’s final words â€Å"The horror! The horror!† are comparable to Victor fleeing the scene when faced with the manifestation of his handiwork.

Bibliography paper

Discuss the relative merits of top-down and bottom-up approaches to the diffusion of renewable energy technologies. †Word count: 1300 Introduction The question of whether an Initiative Is considered top-down or bottom-up Is a question of perspective, so a local council Annihilative can be viewed as a bottom up If you view It from a central government perspective, whereas you could view It as top down If you were one of the residents.Diffusion follows the innovation phase, and is all about uptake of new products by consumers, how new products enter the market and spread across. Therefore, diffusion is a measure of how successfully a new product has spread through society. In his book ‘Diffusion of Innovations' ref) Everett Rogers espouses that there are four mall elements that Influence the spread of a new Idea: the innovation Itself, communication channels, time, and a social system.In order to self-sustain, the Innovation must be widely adopted. The diffusion of Innovati ons according to Rogers. With successive groups of consumers adopting the new technology (shown in blue), its market share (yellow) will eventually reach the saturation level. Diffusion doesn't happen by itself, as it squires element of the marketing mix: product price place promotion. Process physical evidence properties pleasure people. ND Rogers' criteria for diffusion: relative advantage (offering a competitive advantage) complexity (being easy to use) compatibility (matching existing products) Absorbability (seeing the product in use) Tractability (trying the product out) Diffusion is also significantly affected by such factors as the efforts companies and organizations put into achieving those marketing mix elements and criteria for diffusion: government Initiatives aimed at Influencing the take up of new cosmologies (top-down, technology push); and the characteristics of the consumers In that market place.In the conventional depictions of consumer responses to products, consu mers are seen as passive – simply selecting from what Is on offer. However, some consumers are becoming more selective and are concerned about accordingly In his book ‘Enabling Innovation', Boor Outwitted describes innovation as involving a Darwinian process of selection. New ideas are tested and tried, but adopted only if they are seen as valuable by consumers (*ref) Top down *See â€Å"what makes renewable energy work. UDF† in 30TH folder Any technology signed to be used by society on the macro level (larger scale) needs to be integrated into existing technical and social structures. This means that these structures must be adapted to support an efficient use of the technology. The task of managing this adaptation requires the finance and support of governments.Key elements of technology support systems for renewable energy systems are: Public awareness and acceptance Qualification of everyone that interacts with the system (Installation, Maintenance and Operat ion) Quality control: every new technology goes through a number of iterations until reliable and efficient operation is achieved. If products entering the market do not meet a minimum standard confidence will be affected and diffusion may be prematurely halted. Organizational infrastructures supporting the technology must be in place to guarantee that a deficient device can be repaired quickly, and that spare parts are available.Logistical infrastructures are in place to provide fuels (in the case of Biomass) efficiently and in sufficient quantities – this may require the use of financial incentives for farmers to switch to alternative crops to support the technology. Development of standards regarding the renewable technology and fuels seed by them – this will encourage more manufacturers to enter the market thus driving performance up, and costs down, enabling further diffusion. Qualification of those indirectly confronted by the technology – architects, plan ners, public decision makers.They have special interests and create new markets with their purchasing choices. They influence the market in a bottom-up way.. Level 5 developer consumers. They develop new or modified products to meet their needs or concerns. They become more proactive in a bottom-up way in terms of technological innovation, and sometimes operate in niche markets. Level 6 Consumer innovators. Consumer initiatives lead to success and diffusion. The products transcend the niche markets created by these proactive consumers, and these products and the enterprises that have created them may become part of the mainstream. These consumers change the market and the products, and these changes may become part of the new order.At each successive level in this list, the influence of businesses on innovation and effusion decreases, as consumer influence and involvement increases. However, in all categories, business involvement is still strong and ultimately, at level 6, any succ essful products emerging from the bottom-up process are likely to be taken up by conventional companies. ‘The levels of consumer involvement shown above apply to individual consumers and small grass-roots user groups. However, these are not the only sources of external influence on the rate of technological development and diffusion. Consumers can also be part of wider consumer organizations and environmental pressure groups. Placements through the lobbying power and public influence of large numbers of members. For example, green groups may oppose nuclear power and support solar power. Clearly, given the involvement of grass-roots activists, this is a bottom-up approach, although some pressure groups have national and international roles and can be major players in the high-level political processes. ‘ The DVD includes illustrative examples which are relevant to your discussion on the relative merits of each aspect of the top-down and bottom-up approaches. They include the Hector Housing project, the Austrian DID solar case study, SamÃ'‘, Local generation in Waking etc. Ochs your attention to the good aspects of each approach. Think about such things as where these approaches might be best suited (and examples thereof), and also how whether they are mutually exclusive. Argue the case for and against various strategies for supporting diffusion for specific technologies or programmers. – Identify in general terms the key factors likely to influence the successful diffusion of new technological developments – Assess the relative merits of top-down and bottom-up approaches to diffusion and to the wider innovation process. Http://nun. Du/publications/articles/policy-innovation-for-technology-diffusion- Japanese-renewable-energy. HTML – Bottom up driving top-down: â€Å"Prior to the adoption of RPR, there were vociferous calls from the civil society requesting that the government introduce another policy model instead. The Feed-i n Tariff (FIT) is a policy generally proven to be successful in the member states of the European Union† Learning outcome 1 . 1: The way in which market, environmental and economic factors influence the consumer take-up (diffusion) of new products. – Block 4, page : key points of section 1 Block 4, page : key points of section 2 http://www. Warwick. AC. UK/face/cross_face/low_carbon/conference/programmer/low- carbon_conference_king_Wang_final_comma. PDF Diffusion theory is a collection of concepts that attempt to explain how new ideas, products or practices are taken up into use by domestic, commercial and industrial consumers.According to Everett Rogers (1983), a leading theoretician, diffusion is the process by which an innovation is communicated through certain channels over time among the members of a social system' leading to its subsequent adoption into widespread use. Rogers identifies five factors that influence diffusion. He suggests the ease and rate performan ce and/or cost terms, compared with existing products compatibility – with existing products, and with consumers' values and lifestyles complexity – by contrast, he argues that complexity is a negative attribute absorbability – seeing it in action, including seeing how others get on using it Tractability – availability for personally checking out its merits.In addition, perceived risk or danger in use could be added to the list as another potential disincentive. Consumers have increasingly become active in making complaints about the quality of products and services. In parallel, and more positively, consumers increasingly seem to be willing to put effort into searching for what they want. This is not to do simply with price. With a generally more affluent population, the focus is increasingly on performance and quality as well as value. Block 4, pig 15 For the present, it should simply be noticed that not all of this enhanced consumer selectivity is rela ted to self-interested personal utility concerns such as performance, quality or technical advantages, or even a desire for more things.Some consumers have adopted wider ethical stances in relation to what they buy and what they will tot buy, and sometimes, how much they will buy. In practice, only a few people opt for frugal denial, but many more are concerned about the sheer volume of their personal consumption and may seek to cut back on things they feel are frivolous or in some way undesirable. According to research for the Co-operative Banks Ethical Purchasing Index, in the period from 1999 to 2002, 52 per cent of I-J consumers boycotted at least one product because they disapproved of the practices of the company concerned. It was estimated that E. 6 billion had been lost by firms in 2002 due to consumers switching brands on ethical grounds.A survey in 2004 of potential consumer attitudes to companies that did not comply with the new environmental legislation requiring compani es to reduce carbon dioxide emissions -introduced under the EX. Emissions trading scheme(Elk TEST) – found that consumers would vote with their feet if companies failed to comply with this new green legislation. One in three respondents to the survey said they would switch brand allegiance on environmental grounds if a company they regularly buy goods and services from failed to comply (Illogical, 2004). Moreover, consumer responses are not simply negative – some consumers will costively select products which comply with environmental legislation or which are marketed as, for example, involving fair trading with producers in developing countries, or which avoid testing on animals.Block 4, pig 16 environmental sensitivities that influence their purchasing decisions; some companies have responded to this new market; and the government seems keen that the public should do more, particularly in relation to selecting environmentally appropriate products. Learning outcome 1. 2: The role of consumers in supporting new product lines, resisting unwanted options and, on occasion, stimulating the production of, or even actually developing, desired products and services. – Block 4, page : key points of section 1 Block 4, page : Key points of section 2 Block 4, page : key points of section 4 Block 4, page : Key points of Section 5 Block 4, page : key points of section 6 Learning outcome 1. : The difference between top-down and bottom-up approaches to innovation and diffusion and the potential role of consumers and users in aiding diffusion and innovation. Block 4, page : key points of section 1 Block 4, page : key points of section 5 (Bottom -up) Block 4, page : key points of Section 6 (Bottom-up) Block 4, page : key points of Section 7 (Top-down) Learning outcome 1. 4: Consumer involvement with innovation and diffusion in the renewable energy sector and the problems that such activity may come up against. Block 4, : key points of section 1 Block 4, pa ge : key points of Section 2 Block 4, page : Impact on technology diffusion Block 4, page : key points of section 3 : key points of section 5 page page Block 4, page Consumer involvement classification.I have identified six levels of consumer involvement: At each successive level in this list, the influence of businesses on innovation and diffusion decreases, as consumer influence and involvement increases. However, in all categories, business involvement is still strong and ultimately, at level 6, any successful products emerging from the bottom-up process Block 4, page Governments influence the mix of products and systems in ways often beyond the control of consumers, through regulation, taxes and other policy mechanisms. They seek to stimulate the development and diffusion of selected technologies in line with wider national or international strategic priorities. For example, based on environmental policy, governments may seek to phase out the use of coal for electricity generati on and to back wind, wave or tidal power.Clearly this sort of influence involves a top-down approach, although one moderated by democratic processes. Learning outcomes 1. 5: The role of government in influencing the direction and effectiveness of the innovation process and the strategic development of technology in the context of trying to move to the environmentally sustainable use of energy. Block 4, page : Government energy options Block 4, page : Conclusions Block 4, page : key points of section 7 Block 4, pig 10 : key points of section 8 Block 4, piggy : key points of section 9 Learning outcome 1. 10: The role of diffusion and the part played by consumers in paving to a more sustainable approach to energy use.SAA 14: It is true that most innovations are the result of efforts by companies to develop products that will sell to consumers, with governments perhaps providing support for specific lines of development deemed strategically important. However, as has been argued in this block, the diffusion process can be greatly aided if consumers and users are involved in some way. Indeed, motivated consumers and users can sometimes create markets for new areas of innovation. Even when it comes to Just responding to innovations developed by others, the social and community context is important for diffusion. Certainly diffusion may be delayed or prevented if the community opposes the innovation – as was illustrated in the case of wind power.More positively, bottom-up initiatives from the grass-roots can sometimes throw up original ideas that can be diffused widely. Indeed, in some sectors this can be a major source of innovation in terms of new product development, as well as aiding Block 4, pig 23 Diffusion is the final stage of the innovation process, and is concerned with the take-up of new products by consumers. The rate of diffusion at any one time depends on how consumers react to new products. Some will adopt them quickly, most others will take the ir time, and a few will remain hesitant until there is no other option. In the conventional depictions of consumer responses to products, consumers are seen as passive – simply selecting from what is on offer.However, some consumers are becoming more selective and some are concerned about ethical, social and environmental issues and are adjusting their purchasing choices accordingly. A bottom-up grass-roots approach to innovation may offer some advantages over a top-down approach, by ensuring involvement of users in both reduce development and diffusion. A technology â€Å"push,† also known as top down transfer, is diffusion from higher levels of authority to lower levels. An example of â€Å"push† is Federal efforts at technology transfer through legislation, regulation, or policy. Entrepreneurs and other individuals or organizations whose objectives are to implement a technology typically â€Å"push† in order to do so. In marketing terms, the client is â€Å"sold† the technology.A transfer â€Å"pull† is Just the opposite, a bottom-up form of diffusion. The client demands the technology. The search for innovation moves up from the lower levels f an organization until it is accepted or addressed and resolved by higher authorities. Two systems exist for diffusion of innovation: centralized or decentralized. Decision making in centralized systems is concentrated at a high level, while decentralized systems feature wide sharing of power within the diffusion network. In centralized systems diffusion is vertical – from the top down, as innovations emerge from formal R&D projects. Centralized systems favor technology push, where â€Å"needs† are defined at a high level.Innovations which cannot be easily modified, or re-invented, re best diffused using a centralized system. Decentralized systems use horizontal diffusion, as local experimentation is often the innovation source and use technology pull, where need s are defined locally. Innovations which lend themselves to modification are best diffused by a decentralized approach because such an approach allows local adaptation of innovations to reflect local needs. There are, as a general rule, two types of projects. Projects following top-down procedures where large projects are conceived and announced by the Ministry of Scientific Research and Information or Ministry of Environment. Those commissioned projects are rewarded with large amount of money.The second type of project concerns smaller ones and follows a bottom-up approach with three different types of grants: grants for public research (PRO or Universities), SEEM projects and projects supported by the EX. Framework programmer. Http://sustainabledevelopment. UN. Org/content/documents/Kandahar. PDF top down monitoring and audit process to ensure that the quality standards are strictly met and the Company policies and procedures are being properly followed Top-down Definition  œ A development or change initiated and managed from above by overspent or companies: the conventional approach macroeconomic measures Block 4, pig 82 governments can ensure the successful development and spread of strategically selected technologies.This will include a look at new technology development as well as at diffusion because the successful diffusion of new products frequently rests on how well those products have been developed. For example, the UK government's 2003 innovation review identified environmental issues, and the need for improved, lower impact products and services, as a key driver for future innovation. The review suggested that some of the new developments would be specific environmental goods and services, such as technologies to minimize pollutants or promote resource efficiency, or renewable energy sources Block 4, pig 86 Nevertheless, in order to achieve its aim of increasing the contribution from renewable, the I-J government found it necessary to provi de support to enable the newly emerging technologies to enter the marketplace.New technologies usually face a challenge in trying to get established in markets dominated by the existing range of products, and this was clearly a problem for renewable faced with the nominate fossil fuel and nuclear industries. So the government decided to provide extra support to stimulate diffusion, by adjusting the market. As noted earlier, this is sometimes called market ennoblement – enabling key new technologies to be taken up by the market. Block 4, pig 90 By contrast, the subsidy systems for wind projects in Germany, Denmark and elsewhere meant they could make use of locations with much lower wind speeds – indeed they often had little choice because, for example, Denmark is mostly flat and wind speeds there and in Germany are generally much lower than in the I-J. Block 4, pig 93

Eight Elvises Essay

Following the times of the middle 1950’s Abstract Expressionism sparked an interest for Andy Warhol, and during the 60’s Andy, and Roy Lichtenstein created a new realism of America. This new realism was called Pop Art which expressed daily life in America as it was being lived. Warhol was born in 1928 as Andy Warhola, he grew up with a curiosity in commercials, and after a very successful life he became the main figure associated with Pop Art. His art is some of the most well known art of all time, and he is considered one of the best artists of all time, his greatest painting was done on canvas in 1963 called the Eight Elvises and is worth one hundred million dollars, which this amount is in the likes of Jackson Pollock, and Pablo Picasso’s work. Andy Warhol has many accomplishments during his life, and he was inspired by many different people and things. His talent led him to many opportunities including movies and artwork. Growing up Warhol was diagnosed with chorea which is a disease of the nervous system that causes movements that are involuntary. This disease is correlated with scarlet fever, causing Andy to grow up primarily bed-ridden, and this is where he listened to the radio and collected pictures of movie stars which helped him gain his own personality and attributes. After his struggle he spent his time at Carnegie School of Fine Arts Institute in Pittsburgh, he studied hard and showed his artistic capability early while he studied commercial art. Warhol was quickly offered a position in New York drawing advertisements for a shoe company. This is where his whimsical colors started to be portrayed in his drawings of those shoes. While working with the shoe company he was recruited to illustrate the vinyl album covers for band by record labels who at the time were booming with musical talent. In 1952, while Warhol was doing shoe art he was also doing his own art on the side. He wanted to show his early work to the public, so after pitching his idea he got his first art show in New York at the Hugo Gallery. All of his works during these times are very interesting to me, because he used his art to represented life as it was in America every day. Warhol took these everyday things as simple as Campbell’s soup cans, or Coke Cans and turned them into monumental items in America’s life. These items sell over 3 million products a day; these companies’ should be thanking Andy for making their business boom Worldwide. Warhol stated â€Å"You can be watching TV and see Coca-Cola, and you know that the President drinks Coca-Cola, Liz Taylor drinks Coca-cola, and just think, you can drink Coca-Cola, too† (Art). This art of the soups and cokes form analytic lines the way he stacks cans precisely and mathematically as he draws, which takes extreme precision and measurement on his part to make sure that everything is straight and perfect. After these paintings were produced, Warhol began getting very well known in the New York art world. This art led him to moving on to what was called â€Å"The Factory† where many creative minds ranging from actors, writers, musicians, and other artists would drop by and lend their inspiration. The Factory† is where Andy let his ability shine, he decided to get rid of a difference between high and low art, and make known that art can be found anywhere. High art being art that has history and low art being art that has no history, but Andy wanted to clear high and low all together. Warhol liked the factory because it had a crazy atmosphere that fit his life style. He produced all of his work during the time at factory while he was working there. Including in 1963 piece that had the most impact on me which was the silkscreen painting Eight Elvises because the unusual thing about this silkscreen is that it is unique. Warhol had many other silkscreen’s that were produced sometimes in the hundreds, and Warhol only made one Eight Elvises. This 12 ft canvas shows from left to right Elvis in cowboy attire with his gun drawn in his right hand with seven repeat images on the left of his body finishing off with a full body view with left hand in sight as his body fades away. Warhol was known as a primary visual artist and this art is an example of that. Silkscreen is a stencil method of printmaking in which a design is imposed on a screen of silk or other fine mesh, with blank areas coated with an impermeable substance, and ink is forced through the mesh onto the printing surface. Warhol did not bother to clean up the imperfections of the print including slips of the screen, uneven inkings of the roller, and general graininess. I believe that this artwork and the artists represent America because Warhol used American icons such as items and faces to secure a place for these in history. For these reasons this is why I have chosen this artwork. I like that he used a popular person Elvis and put his pop art twist on him turning him into eight western Elvises ready to draw his weapon, I think this means that he is a dependable hero for America to lean on. Warhol uses high and low art through his artwork giving it a desirable product. During the sixties his art was very distinct and powerful which in turn Warhol gained mass popularity, and people that had known him had been driven away from him due to his success. In 1968 a woman that worked for Warhol on occasion found him and shot him in the stomach, stating that â€Å"He had to much control over my life† (Art). He survived the gunshot, but was injured horribly and was required to wear a bandage on his stomach for the rest of his life. After this incident Warhol returned to the art world creating some more of my favorite art because of the way that he uses colors on the faces of American icons such as Marilyn Monroe, Mr. and Mrs. JFK, even Jimmy Carter, Mick Jagger, and Elvis. After the assassination attempt he also began publishing a magazine called â€Å"Interview† which is still published today. This magazine was dubbed as â€Å"The Crystal Ball of Pop (Interview. com) due to Warhol’s style of running the magazine, Andy would take pictures of famous people or items and by adding his color schemes he would make the entire magazine look like his art. A portion of this magazine is still dedicated to Andy’s style of work. His hard work ethic led him to many art shows getting his work extensively in museums and galleries around the world until he died during a gall bladder procedure that was deemed a safe procedure. His work of almost forty years has secured his position as one of the most influential talents of all time, and one of the greatest artists in the world. Warhol grew up with tough conditions leading to his confused life and very awkward personality type, these factors contributed to his choice of being a homosexual and his ambition of wanting to only make rich people richer by putting their pictures in the art world for more people to look at this is why he did so many self portraits. He wanted everyone to remember what he did and to this day I would say he made a big impact.

Bi-lingual Education Example

Bi Bi Bilingual Education The website d â€Å"Bilingual Education: A critique†, by Peter J. Duignan, is an educational site that evaluates the evolution of bilingual education since the Civil Right Act of 1968 and Bilingual Education Act of 1968. Its purpose is therefore to educate. The author of has analyzed the practice of bilingual education by giving its background arguments for and against it, and a constructive approach of multicultural as well as multilingual education. In addition, Duignan has considered the appropriateness of bilingual education based on established claims and profiled Latinos. Several bilingual education advocates have been identified and their opinions discussed (Duignan). Hoover Institution press website associates itself with this publication by Duignan. It provides a summary of â€Å"Bilingual Education: A critique†, which indicates the development of bilingual education (Duignan). Peter J. Duignan, a prolific writer, is a senior member at the H oover Institution. Duignan has a masters and doctoral degrees in history from Stanford University. He is an associate of the Stanford University African Studies Committee and the Council of European Studies (Duignan). Duignan is also a member of African Studies Association, Association of Research Libraries, East Studies Association, American History Association, and Royal Historical Society, among others. Duignan has comprehensive publications on relative colonial history, immigration, African bibliography and documentation, modern European history, U.S. foreign policy, Atlantic Alliance, as well as Hispanics in the United States. Duignan’s current publications include Bilingual Education: A Critique, The Spanish Speakers in the United States: A History, NATO: Its Past, Present and Future as well as African and the World. Peter J. Duignan has received several awards, which include the Rockefeller Foundation award, international fellowship, Guggenheim fellowship, and Ford for eign area fellowship to Africa (Duignan). The website is funded by the Hoover Institution of Stanford University. The article by Duignan is under the monographs of Hoover Institution’s publications. Furthermore, the article’s copyright is owned by the Board of Trustees of Leland Stanford Junior University. I believe that the information contained in the publication is correct considering the author’s credentials. Duignan provides precise details of bilingual education while referencing the instance of their occurrence. Additionally, Duignan has based his work on other accredited findings as well as publications (Duignan).Work CitedDuignan, Peter J. "Bilingual Education: A Critique." 1998. . 27 October 2011.

5 Business Jobs You Can Do Without a Business Degree

5 Business Jobs You Can Do Without a Business Degree There are lots of good reasons to attend business school, but if you havent gotten that far yet (or dont plan to), there are still lots of business jobs that you could get with just a high school diploma. Most of these jobs are entry-level positions (you wont start out as a manager), but they pay a living wage and could provide you with valuable career development resources. For example, you could receive on-the-job training that could help you improve your communication skills or master software programs. You might even acquire special knowledge in a concentrated area like accounting, banking, or insurance. You may also be able to meet important business contacts or mentors that could help you advance your career later on. An entry-level business job can also give you the experience you need to successfully apply to an undergraduate business degree program. Although most programs at the undergraduate level do not require work experience, it could still help to strengthen your application in several ways. To start with, youll have worked with a supervisor who can give you a recommendation letter that highlights your work ethic or achievements. If your entry-level job offers opportunities to take on a leadership role, youll be able to gain valuable leadership experience, something that is always important to admissions committees who are looking for candidates who are potential leaders.   In this article, were going to take a look at five different business jobs you can get without a business degree. These jobs require just a high school diploma or the equivalent and could really help you advance your career or education in banking, insurance, accounting, and business fields. Bank Teller Bank tellers work for banks, credit unions, and other financial institutions. Some of the duties they perform include processing cash or check deposits, cashing checks, making change, collecting bank payments (like car or mortgage payments), and exchanging foreign currency. Counting money is a big aspect of this job. Staying organized and keeping accurate records of every financial transaction is also important. A degree is almost never required to become a bank teller. Most tellers can get hired with just a high school diploma. However, on-the-job training is almost always required to learn how to use the banks software. With enough work experience, entry-level tellers can move up to more advanced positions like a head teller. Some bank tellers also go on to become loan officers, loan underwriters, or loan collectors. The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that median annual wages for bank tellers exceed $26,000. Bill Collector Nearly every industry employs bill collectors. Bill collectors, also known as account collectors, are responsible for collecting payments on due or overdue bills. They use internet and database information to locate debtors and then contact debtors, typically via phone or mail, to request payment. Bill collectors spend most of their time answering debtor questions about contracts and negotiating payment plans or settlements. They may also be responsible for following up on negotiated resolutions to ensure that the debtor pays as agreed. Most employers are willing to hire bill collectors who have just a high school diploma, but computer skills can increase your chances of getting hired. Bill collectors must follow state and federal laws related to debt collection (such as the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act), so on-the-job training is typically required to ensure compliance. Most bill collectors are employed by professional, scientific, and technical service industries. The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that median annual wages for bill collectors exceed $34,000. Administrative Assistant Administrative assistants, also known as secretaries, support the supervisor or staff of a business office by answering phones, taking messages, scheduling appointments, preparing business documents (like memos, reports, or invoices), filing documents, and performing other clerical tasks. In large companies, they sometimes work in a specific department, such as marketing, public relations, human resources, or logistics. Administrative assistants that report directly to an executive are often known as executive assistants. Their duties are usually more complex and may involve creating reports, scheduling staff meetings, preparing presentations, conducting research, or handling sensitive documents.  Most administrative assistants do not start out as executive assistants, but instead, move up to this position after acquiring a few years of work experience. The typical administrative assistant position requires just a high school diploma. Having basic computer skills, such as familiarity with software applications (like Microsoft Word or Excel), can increase your chances of securing employment. Many employers provide some type of on-the-job training to help new employees learn administrative procedures or industry-specific terminology. The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that median annual wages for administrative assistants exceed $35,000.   Insurance Clerk Insurance clerks, also known as insurance claims clerks or insurance policy processing clerks, work for insurance agencies or individual insurance agents. Their primary responsibilities include processing insurance applications or insurance claims. This may involve communicating with insurance clients, either in person and over the phone or in writing via mail or email. Insurance clerks may also be tasked with answering phones, taking messages, answering client questions, responding to client concerns, or recording cancellations. In some offices, insurance clerks may even be responsible for processing insurance payments or keeping financial records. Unlike insurance agents, insurance clerks do not need to be licensed. A high school diploma is typically all that is required to earn a position as an insurance clerk. Good communication skills are helpful in securing employment. Most insurance agencies offer some form of on-the-job training to help familiarize new clerks with insurance industry terms and administrative procedures. With enough experience, an insurance clerk could pass the required exam to earn a state license to sell insurance. The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that median annual wages for insurance clerks exceed $37,000. Bookkeeper Bookkeepers use bookkeeping or accounting software to record financial transactions (i.e. money coming in and money going out). They commonly prepare financial statements like balance sheets or income statements. Some bookkeepers have special duties beyond keeping a general ledger. For example, they may be responsible for processing a companys invoices or payroll or preparing and tracking bank deposits.   Bookkeepers work with numbers every day, so they must be good with basic math (like adding, subtracting, multiplying, or dividing). Some employers prefer job candidates who have completed finance courses or bookkeeping certificate programs, but many are willing to hire candidates who have just a high school diploma. If on-the-job training is provided, it typically involves learning how to use a specific software program or mastering industry-specific skills like double-entry bookkeeping. The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that median annual wages for bookkeepers exceed $37,000.

Causes of PM2.5 in China Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Causes of PM2.5 in China - Research Proposal Example This paper illustrates that being a modestly developed nation from earlier times, China went into an active phase of economic expansion from the 1970s and emerged as one of the prominent world economies by the turn of the century. Further aided by international trade agencies’ removal of trade barriers, China brought down its â€Å"iron curtain† thereby facilitating both inward and outward flow of investments. â€Å"Nowadays China is one of the worlds top exporters and is attracting record amounts of foreign investment. In turn, it is investing billions of dollars abroad†. Still being a socialist market economy, China has become the second largest economy in terms of nominal GDP, and the fastest-growing economy achieving growth rates of over 10 percent for the past three decades. â€Å"With a population of 1.3 billion, China recently became the second largest economy and is increasingly playing an important and influential role in the global economy†. This optimal economic growth has led to a number of benefits for its people and the nation as a whole including elevated lifestyle, increased purchasing power, development of finest infrastructures, and many more. However, this economic ascendance has also caused a number of challenges, with environmental degradation and the resultant health issues being the prominent one. China’s economy is mainly fuelled by its manufacturing sector, but this sector primarily emits a number of dangerous materials affecting the environment. Furthermore, China’s fast-growing economy has accentuated its energy demand, with environmentally-destructive coal being used to meet the rising demands. So, increased economic activity has gravely affected the natural environment causing a number of health problems to the Chinese people including life-threatening diseases such as cancers, heart diseases, respiratory problems, and others. Treating these health issues drain the exchequer’s money t hereby in a way sizably affecting or even nullifying the economic growth. More than this issue, the basic aspect of any economic growth is that it should elevate and safeguard people’s lives and not be a detriment.